What is the primary function of an Institutional Review Board (IRB)?

The primary function of an Institutional Review Board (IRB) is to review research proposals for adherence to ethical standards. This includes ensuring that the rights, welfare, and privacy of research participants are protected. The IRB assesses whether research protocols are designed in ways that minimize potential risks to participants while maximizing potential benefits. They consider factors such as informed consent, the balance of risks and benefits, and the methods used for recruiting participants.

The other options do not align with the core responsibilities of an IRB. Financial support, publication approval, and conducting research are not functions carried out by an IRB; they are focused specifically on ethical oversight of research involving human subjects. This role is crucial in maintaining public trust in research practices and ensuring compliance with ethical guidelines and regulations.