What is meant by "voluntariness" in the context of informed consent?

In the context of informed consent, "voluntariness" refers to the principle that individuals should have the freedom to make their own decisions about participation in a study without any form of coercion or undue influence. This means that participants should feel free to choose whether or not to join the research based on their own values and preferences, rather than feeling pressured or compelled to participate due to external factors, such as the authority of the researcher or perceived expectations.

The emphasis on voluntary participation is central to ethical research practices, ensuring that individuals are treated with respect and dignity. Participants must be able to weigh the risks and benefits of the study independently, leading to an informed and personal choice regarding their involvement. This helps protect the autonomy of participants, which is a fundamental ethical principle in research.