What defines "human subjects research"?

Human subjects research is defined as any research that involves interaction with individuals or uses identifiable private information. This definition encompasses studies where researchers engage directly with participants—such as through interviews, surveys, or experiments—where personal data is collected. Additionally, it includes research that analyzes existing data that can identify individuals, ensuring that their privacy and rights are protected under ethical guidelines.

The focus on direct interaction or the use of identifiable information is crucial, as it highlights the potential impact on participants and the ethical considerations that must be addressed, such as informed consent and privacy protection. This category of research is governed by strict regulations and ethical standards to safeguard human subjects.

In contrast, research focusing solely on animal studies does not fall under this definition, as it does not involve human participants. Similarly, research pertaining to the collection of public data is excluded since it generally does not involve identifiable information about individuals, and theoretical analyses without participant involvement do not constitute human subjects research, as they lack any interaction with or data from individuals. Thus, the correct choice accurately reflects the essential criteria for defining human subjects research.