What defines a vulnerable population in research?

A vulnerable population in research is characterized by groups that may require additional safeguards and protections due to an increased likelihood of being susceptible to coercion, undue influence, or exploitation. This can include children, individuals with cognitive impairments, economically disadvantaged groups, and others who may not have the same level of autonomy or decision-making capacity as more privileged individuals.

Recognizing vulnerability is essential to ethical research practices. It ensures that researchers take into account these heightened risks when designing studies and obtaining informed consent, thus prioritizing the welfare and rights of participants who might not fully grasp the implications of their involvement in research.

In contrast, individuals with advanced education and resources do not typically fall under the definition of a vulnerable population, as they are less likely to face coercion and usually have better means to make informed decisions about their participation. Participants with prior research experience and adult volunteers with no restrictions also do not align with the criteria of vulnerability, as their familiarity with research processes and broader social autonomy generally reduce their risk in the research context.