What are the two main criteria the National Science Foundation (NSF) uses to evaluate grant proposals?

The two main criteria that the National Science Foundation (NSF) uses to evaluate grant proposals are intellectual merit and broader impact. Intellectual merit refers to the potential of the proposed research to advance knowledge and understanding in the field. This includes the significance of the research question, the creativity of the proposed methodology, and the qualifications of the researchers involved. The broader impact criterion considers the potential benefits of the research to society at large, including how the findings may enhance education, promote diversity and inclusion in science, and support the welfare of individuals and communities.

This dual-focus approach encourages researchers to not only address scientific questions but also to think about the societal implications of their work, thereby driving innovation that is both intellectually rigorous and socially relevant. Understanding this framework is crucial for researchers applying for NSF grants, as it shapes the evaluation process and influences funding decisions.